Brief History of Eretz Yisrael
The Land of Israel was promised to Abraham by G-d in the Book of Genesis. This promise was passed down to the succeeding generations and was finally fulfilled by the Tribes of Israel after the Exodus from Mitzraim. There has always been a Jewish presence in that Land from the time it was conquered by the Tribes of Israel. The Land has since that time belonged to the Jewish People regardless of what the Land was called by the non-Jewish populations.

The history of the Jewish people begin with the patriarchs (Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob) and matriarchs (Sarah, Rebecca, Rachel, Leah) - specifically Abraham and Sarah. All three patriarchs lived in the land of Canaan. They are all buried in the Ma'arat HaMachpela (Tomb of the Patriarchs). The name Israel derives from the name given to Jacob by G-d. Jacob's twelve sons became the tewlve tribes of Israel. Klal Yisrael refers to the People of Israel (Jews, Hebrews, Ivri) and Eretz Yisrael refers to the Land of Israel.

G-d promised Eretz Yisrael to Abraham and all his descendants as an eternal land. "HaShem said to Abram after Lot had parted from him, 'Raise now your eyes and look out from where you are: northward, southward, eastward, and westward. For all the land that you see, to you will I give it, and to your descendants forever.' " (Genesis 13:14-15) After the Exodus out of slavery from Mitzraim, Moses led the Hebrews to the land promised to Abraham and his descendants. The rule of the Jews in Israel began about 1250 BCE with the conquests of Joshua. The period of the monarchy lasted from 1000-587 BCE. In 587 BCE, the Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar, captured Jerusalem, destroyed the Temple, and exiled the Jews. The exiled Jews were not permitted to return until 438 BCE after which the Second Temple was constructed. Beginning in 587 BCE, Eretz Yisrael has been ruled over by the Baylonians (587-538 BCE); Persians (538-333 BCE); Greeks (333-63 BCE); Romans (63 BCE-313 CE); Byzantines (313-636 CE); Arabs (636-1099 CE); Crusaders (1099-1291 CE); Mamluk (1291-1516 CE); Ottomans (1516-1918 CE); and, British (1917-1948 CE).

On May 14, 1948, Israel became a state under the leadership of David ben-Gurion. There were four jointly-waged Arab wars against Israel: 1948 War of Independence; 1956 Sinai War; 1967 Six Day War; and, 1973 Yom Kippur War. Israel won each of these four wars and increased its land-size. Since the inception of the modern state of Israel, there have been numerous terroristic, legal, and multi-national pressure to dismantle Israel. In 2006, Israel abandoned the Gaza Strip and is currently considering abandoning parts of the "West Bank".

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Moses' and Joshua's Conquests
Moses' conquests (Eastern side of the Jordan River)
Sihon's Territory (King of the Amorites) - Inherited by the Tribe of Gad and the Tribe of Reuben (Joshua Chapter 12)
Og's Territory (King of Bashan) - Inherited by half the Tribe of Manasseh (Joshua Chapter 12)

Joshua's conquests (Western side of the Jordan River)
King of Jericho - Inherited by the Tribe of Benjamin (Joshua Chapter 6)
King of Ai - Inherited by the Tribe of Ephraim (Joshua Chapters 7-8)
King of Jerusalem - Inherited by the Tribe of Benjamin (Joshua Chapter 9)
King of Hebron - Inherited by the Tribe of Judah (Joshua Chapter 9-10)
King of Jarmuth - Inherited by the Tribe of Issachar (Joshua Chapter 9)
King of Lachish - Inherited by the Tribe of Judah (Joshua Chapter 9-10)
King of Eglon - Inherited by the Tribe of Judah (Joshua Chapter 9-10)
King of Gezer - Inherited by the Tribe of Dan (Joshua Chapter 9-10)
King of Debir - Inherited by the Tribe of Dan (Joshua Chapter 10)
King of Geder - Inherited by the Tribe of Judah (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Hormah - Inherited by the Tribe of Judah (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Arad - Inherited by the Tribe of Judah (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Libnah - Inherited by the Tribe of Judah (Joshua Chapter 10,12)
King of Adullam - Inherited by the Tribe of Judah (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Makkedah - Inherited by the Tribe of Judah (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Beth-el - Inherited by the Tribe of Ephraim (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Tappuah - Inherited by half the Tribe of Manasseh (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Hepher - Inherited by the Tribe of Naphtali (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Aphek - Inherited by the Tribe of Asher (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Sharon - Inherited by the Tribe of Dan (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Madon - Inherited by the Tribe of Naphtali (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Hazor - Inherited by the Tribe of Asher (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Shimron Meron - Inherited by the Tribe of Naphtali (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Achshaph - Inherited by the Tribe of Naphtali (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Taanach - Inhreited by half the Tribe of Manasseh (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Megiddo - Inherited by half the Tribe of Manasseh (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Kedesh - Inherited by the Tribe of Naphtali (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Jokneam - Inherited by half the Tribe of Manasseh (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Dor of the District of Dor - Inherited by the Tribe of Asher (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Goiim in Gilgal - Inherited by the Tribe of Dan (Joshua Chapter 12)
King of Tirzah - Inherited by half the Tribe of Manasseh (Joshua Chapter 12)

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HaTikvah
HaTikvah (The Hope) is the national anthem of Israel. The words werer written by Naphtali Herz Imber, a poet, in 1886 and the melody was written by Samuel Cohen.

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Government of Israel
The government of Israel is a parlimentary representative democratic republic. The prime minister is the head of the government. Executive power is exercised by the government, legislative power is exercised by the government and knesset, and the judiciary is independent of the executive and legislative powers. The knesset is the Israeli parliament made up of 120 members who are elected via secret ballot to 4-year terms. In general elections, voters only vote for party lists but cannot determine the order of candidates on the lists. In order for a party of be elected to a seat in the knesset, the party must receive at least 2 percent of the vote. Due to the difficulty for any one party to have a working majority in the knesset, the government is generally composed of coalitions between parties. The prime minister is selected by the president after which the prime minister has 45 days to form a government. The judiciary is made up of magistrate courts, district courts, and the supreme court (High Court of Justice). Religious courts are under the control of the Prime Minister's Office and the Chief Rabbinate of Israel. The judges (elected by the knesset) have authority over five areas: kashrut, shabbat, Jewish burial, marital issues, and Jewish status of immigrants.^1
1 Wikipedia: Politics of Israel

Prime Ministers
1. David ben-Gurion (May 14, 1948-January 26, 1954) - Mapai Party
2. Moshe Sharett (January 26, 1954-November 3, 1955) - Mapai Party
3. David ben-Gurion (November 3, 1955-June 26, 1963) - Mapai Party
4. Levi Eshkol (June 26, 1963-Feburary 26, 1969) - Mapai Party; HaMa'arakh Party (beginning January 12, 1966)
5. Yigal Allom (February 26, 1969-March 17, 1969 - Interim Prime Minister) - HaMa'arakh Party
6. Golda Meir (March 17, 1969-June 3, 1974) - HaMa'arakh Party
7. Yitzchak Rabin (June 3, 1974-June 20, 1977) - HaMa'arakh Party
8. Menachem Begin (June 20, 1977-October 10, 1983) - Likud Party
9. Yitzchak Shamir (October 10, 1983-September 13, 1984) - Likud Party
10. Shimon Peres (September 13, 1984-October 20, 1986) - HaMa'arakh Party
11. Yitzchak Shamir (October 20, 1986-July 13, 1992) - Likud Party
12. Yitzchak Rabin (July 13, 1992-November 4, 1995) - Mifleget HaAvodah HaYisraelit Party
13. Shimon Peres (November 4, 1995-November 22, 1995 - Interim Prime Minister) - Mifleget HaAvodah HaYisraelit Party
14. Shimon Peres (November 22, 1995-June 18, 1996) - Mifleget HaAvodah HaYisraelit Party
15. Benjamin Netanyahu (June 18, 1996-July 6, 1999) - Likud Party
16. Ehud Barak (July 6, 1999-March 7, 2001) - One Israel Party/Mifleget HaAvodah HaYisraelit Party
17. Ariel Sharon (March 7, 2001-January 4, 2006) - Likud Party; Kadima Party (beginning November 21, 2005)
18. Ehud Olmert (January 4, 2006-May 4, 2006 - Interim Prime Minister) - Kadima Party
19. Ehud Olmert (May 4, 2006-September 21, 2008) - Kadima Party
20. Ehud Olmet (September 21, 2008-March 31, 2009 - Interim Prime Minister) - Kadima Party
20. Benjamin Netanyahu (March 31, 2009) - Likud Party

Political Parties
Ahdut Ha'avodah (Unity of Labor)
Aggudat Israel (The Israelite Union)
Arab Democratic Party (ADP)
Arab Movement for Change (AMC)
Balaad (National Democratic Alliance)
Degel Hattorah (The Banner of the Torah)
Democratic Choice (DC)
Democratic Movement for Change (DMC)
Gahal (Gush Herut-Liberalim - Freedom-Liberal Block)
General Zionist/Liberal Party
Gesher (Bridge)
Hadash
HaMa'arakh (Alignment)
Hamercaz (The Center Party)
Herut (Tnuat HaHerut - Freedom Movement)
Israeli Communist Party
Kach
Kadima (Forward)
Labor Party
Likud (Union)
Mapai (Mifleget Poalei Eretz Israel)
Mapam (United Workers Party)
Meimad (Dimensions)
Meretz-Yahad
Mifleget HaAvodah HaYisraelit (aka Avodah/HaAvodah) (Labor Party)
Moledet (Homeland)
National Religious Party (NRP)
National Unity Party (Haichud HaLeumi)
One Israel Party
One Nation (Am Echad)
(Israel Labor List)
Ratz (Citizens Rights Movement - CRM)
Shas (Shomrei Torah Sephardim - Sephardi Torah Guardians)
Shinui (Change)
Tehiya (Revival)
The Third Way (Derech Hashishit)
Tzomet (Movement for Renewed Zionism)
United Arab List
United Torah Judaism (Yahdut HaTorah - UTJ)
Yisrael B'Aliyah (Israel for Aliyah)
Yisrael Beitenu (Israel is Our Home)

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Jerusalem
2000 BCE - Abraham visits Melchizedek, King of Salem and priest of G-d
2000 BCE - Abraham journeys to Mount Moriah (site of the Temple Mount) to sacrifice Isaac upon G-d's command
1400 BCE - Joshua journeys to Jerusalem
1000 BCE - David purchases Threshing Floor of Araunah, site of First Temple and erects altar of sacrifice on Mount Moriah; David builds city of Jerusalem south of Mount Moriah
950 BCE - Solomon builds the royal palace and the First Temple is Jerusalem
910 BCE - Israel is divided into the Northern Kingdom and the Southern Kingdom; Pharoah Shishak plundered the First Temple
835 BCE - Joash repairs the First Temple and reforms the Kingdom
720 BCE - Ahaz defiles the First Temple with a Syrian altar
716 BCE - Hezekiah restores the First Temple, reforms the Kingdom, and repels the Assyrian attempt to conquer Jerusalem
640 BCE - Josiah repairs the First Temple and brings about religious reform
587 BCE - Nebuchadnezzar lays siege to Jerusalem, destroys the First Temple, and exiles the Jews to Babylon
541 BCE - Jews begin to return to Israel and begin the foundations of the Second Temple
515 BCE - Second Temple is completed
167 BCE - Antiochus desecrated the Second Temple and carries off the Second Temple treasures
165 BCE - Maccabees consecrate the Second Temple
40 BCE - Herod rebuilds the Second Temple
70 CE - Romans destroy the Second Temple
136 CE - Hadrian undertakes rebuilding of Jerusalem and erects a Temple of Jupiter on the Temple Mount
135 CE - Bar Kochba revolt
330-640 CE - Temple Mount neglected and become a trash dump; Jews are banished from Jerusalem
362 CE - Jews authorized to rebuild the Temple but the building is never completed
629 CE - Herodius recaptures Jerusalem
638 CE - Muslims conquer Jerusalem; Caliph Omar removes trash from the Temple Mount
690 CE - Dome of the Rock constructed on the Temple Mount
700 CE - Al-Aqsa Mosque constructed on the Temple Mount
746 CE - Earthquake destroys Al-Aqsa Mosque
831 CE - Dome of the Rock restoration
1016 CE - Earthquake causes structural damage to the Temple Mount
1033 CE - Earthquake damages the Al-Aqsa Mosque
1099-1187 CE - Crusades conquer Jerusalem, murdering many Jews and Muslims; Jews are sold into slavery and banished from entering Jerusalem
1100 CE - Rabbi Avraham bar Chaya writes of synagogues on Temple Mount
1165 CE - Maimonides visits Jerusalem and prays on the Temple Mount
1187 CE - Saladin conquers Jerusalem; The Dome of the Rock and the Al-Aqsa Mosque are reconsecrated
1517 CE - Ottoman Empire rules over Jerusalem
1546 CE - Earthquake damages Jerusalem
1832-1840 CE - Suleiman improves the city of Jerusalem; Jews are tolerated but taxed heavily and their property is confiscated
1866 CE - Jews were the majority in Jerusalem
1917 CE - The British capture Jerusalem from the Turks; The Temple Mount is opened to Europeans
1921-1947 CE - The British rule over Jerusalem under the British Mandate
1927 CE - Earthquake weakens the Al-Aqsa Mosque
1948 CE - Israel becomes an independent state
1949 CE - Jerusalem is made the capital of Israel
1951 CE - King Abdullah of Jordan is murdered at the Al-Aqsa Mosque
1955-1965 CE - Jerusalem is divided with Jordanian rule over the old city
1967 CE - Jerusalem is reunited in the Six Day War

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Israel Defense Forces (IDF)
IDF Mission: To defend the existence, territorial integrity and sovereignty of the state of Israel. To protect the inhabitants of Israel and to combat all forms of terrorism which threaten the daily life. 

Campaigns
1948: War of Independence
1948: Battle for the Roads
1948: Operation Hamez
1948: Operation Nachshon
1948: Operation Yiftach
1948: Capture of Tiberias
1953: Aid to Greece
1956: Sinai Campaign
1967: Six-Day War
1971: Yom Kippur War
1976: Aid to Sicily
1979: Aid to Cambodia
1982: Aid to Tyre
1983: Aid to Sidon
1985: Aid to Mexico City
1986: Aid To Cameroon
1988: Aid to Armenia
1989: Aid to Romania
1991: Aid to Republic of Georgia
1992: Aid to Bosnia
1992: Aid to Buenos-Aires
1994: Aid to Rwanda
1997: Aid to Turkey
1998: Aid to Kenya
1999: Aid to Kosovo Refugees (Macedonia)
1999: Aid to Turkey
1999: Aid to Greece
2001: Aid to India
2005: Aid to Sri Lanka and Indonesia
2005: Aid to New Orleans
2006: Aid to Kenya
2006: War against Hizbullah

Units
Adjutant Corps
Armor Corps
Artillery Corps
C4I Corps
Corps of Engineers
Education and Youth Corps
Field Intelligence Corps
General Corps
General Staff
Infantry Corps
Intelligence Corps
Israeli Air Force
Logistics Corps
Medical Corps
Military Censor
Military Police
Military Rabbinate
Sea Corps (Navy)
Ordnance Corps

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Modern History
1800-1899 CE
1882-1903: First Aliyah
1884: Kattowitz Conference
1897: First Zionist Congress held in Basel, Switzerland
1898: Second Zionist Congress
1899: Third Zionist Congress

1900-1919 CE
1900: Fourth Zionist Congress
1901: Fifth Zionist Congress
1902: Founding of the Mizrahi Organization
1930: Sixth Zionist Congress
1903: The Uganda Proposal
1904-14: Second Aliyah
1905: Seventh Zionist Congress
1907: Eighth Zionist Congress
1909: Ninth Zionist Congress
1911: Tenth Zionist Congress
1912: Founding of Agudat Israel
1913: Eleventh Zionist Congress
1916: Founding of Hashomer Hatzair
1916: Sykes-Picot Agreement divides Middle East into British and French spheres
1917: Balfour Declaration
1917: Jewish Telegraph Agency founded
1917: Turkish governor of Jaffa orders all Jews to leave Tel Aviv and Jaffa
1917: British General Allenby captured Jerusalem from the Turks
1918: Damascus taken by T.E. Lawrence and Arabs
1919-23: Third Aliyah

1920-1929 CE
1920: Chaim Weizmann elected president of World Zionist Organization
1921: Twelfth Zionist Congress
1921: Kingdoms of Iraq and Jordan established
1921: Jaffa riots
1922: Mandate for Palestine by League of Nations
1924: Technion (first institute of technology) founded in Haifa
1924-1928: Fourth Aliyah
1925: Hebrew University of Jerusalem founded on Mount Scopus
1926: Kingdom of Lebanon established
1928: Britain recognizes the independence of Trans-Jordan
1929: Arabs attack Jews praying at Kotel
1929: Arabs kill Hebron Jews

1930-1939 CE
1930: Lord Passfield issues his White Paper
1931: Etzel (the Irgun)-Jewish underground organization-founded
1932: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia established
1933-1939: Fifth Aliyah
1935: Ze'ez Jabotinsky founds the New Zionist Organization
1936-1939: Arab militants lead anti-Jewish riots
1936: France grants Lebanon and Syria independence
1936: World Jewish Congress convened in Geneva
1937: Peel Commission recommends the partition of Palestine between Jews and Arabs
1937: Chaim Weizmann and David ben-Gurion accepted the partition plan at the twentieth Zionist Congress
1939: British White Paper

1940-1949 CE
1942: Biltmore Conference of American Zionists
1946: King David Hotel in Jerusalem is blown up
1947: United Nations votes to divide Palestine in a partition plan
1947: U.S.S. Exodus brings refugees from Europe but is denied embarkment in Palestine
1948: Israel declares independence and President Harry Truman recognizes Israel within one hour of declaration
1948: David ben-Gurion becomes Israel's first Prime Minister
1948: Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) founded
1948-49: War of Independence
1949-1952: Mass influx of Jewish refugess from Arab countries
1949: Armistice with Egypt, Syria, Jordan, and Lebanon
1949: Jerusalem is declared the capital of Israel and is divided under Israeli and Jordanian rule
1949: First Knesset elected-Chaim Weizmann elected first Israel president; Ben Gurion leads Labor coalition
1949: Israel admitted to the United Nations
1949: Operation Magic Carpet

1950-1959 CE
1950: Knesset moves from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem
1950: Operation Ezra and Nehemiah
1950: Law of Return passed by Knesset
1950: The West Bank unites with Jordan
1951: King Abdullah of Jordan is assassinated at the Al-Aqsa Mosque
1951: Hula Valley reclamation project begins
1951: Second Knesset elections held
1951: Operations Ezra and Nehemia - bringing Iraqi Jews to Israel
1952: Libya claims independence
1952: Yitzhak ben-Zvi elected Israel's second president
1952: Operation Coresh - bringing Iranian Jews to Israel
1953: Egyptian Republic proclaimed
1953: Ben-Gurion resigns as Prime Minister
1954: Moshe Sharett becomes Isarel's second Prime Minister
1955: Third Knesset elected-Ben-Gurion remains prime minister
1955: Bar Ilan University is founded
1956: Sinai Campaign against Egypt
1956: Tunisia and Sudan gain independence
1956: Tel Aviv University opened
1957: Israel withdraws from Sinai and Gaza
1958: United Arab Republic founded
1959: Elections for the Fourth Knesset

1960-1969 CE
1960: Hadassah Hospital and Hebrew University Medical School founded
1961: Operation Yachin - bringing Moroccan Jews to Israel
1961: Elections of the Fifth Knesset
1962: Adolf Eichmann is executed
1962: President Yitzkah Ben-Zvi dies in office - Zalman Shazar is elected Israel's third President
1962: University of Haifa opens
1962: Excavation of Masada begins
1963: David ben-Gurion resigns as Prime Minister
1963: Levi Eshkol becomes Israel's third Prime Minister
1964: The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) is founded
1965: Elections of the Sixth Knesset
1965: Israel and Germany establish diplomatic relations
1966: The Knesset building is inaugurated
1967: Six-Day War
1967: Arab Summit at Khartoum
1967: Jerusalem united
1967: United Nations Security Council Resolution 242 is adopted
1967: Ben-Gurion University opens
1968: Poland outlaws Jewish language and institutions
1968: Labor Party is formed
1968: PLO's Palestinian National Council adopts charter calling for the destruction of Israel
1968: First television broadcast in Israel
1968: Jews return to Gush Etzion and Hebron
1968-1970: Egypt's War of Attrition against Israel
1969: Seventh Knesset elected
1969: Levi Eshkol dies
1969: Golda Meir becomes Israel's fourth Prime Minister
1969: U.S. Secretary of State Rogers announces American Plan for peace in the Middle East

1970-1979 CE
1970: Black September founded
1970: Palestinian terrorists hijack numerous international airliners
1972: Eleven Israeli athletes are murdered at the Munich Olympics
1973: Yom Kippur War
1973: United Nations Security Council Resolution 338 is passed
1973: David ben-Gurion dies
1973: Eighth Knesset elected -Ephraim Katzir becomes Israel' fourth President
1974: Golan Heights Disengagement Agreement signed
1974: Golda Meir's government resigns
1974: Yitzhak Rabin becomes Israel's fifth Prime Minister
1974: Palestine Liberation Organization is given observer status at the United Nations
1975: Sinai Disengagement Agreement signed
1975: Civil war erupts in Lebanon
1975: United Nations adopts resolution equating Zionism with racism
1977: Ninth Knesset elected- Likud Party forms government
1977: Menachem Begin becomes Israel's sixth Prime Minister
1977: Visit of Egyptian President Anwar Sadat to Israel
1978: Camp David Peace Agreement between Israel and Egypt
1978: Operation Litani
1978: Yitzhak Navon becomes Israel's fifth President
1979: Peace agreement signed between Israel and Egypt begins

1980-1989 CE
1980: Israeli Embassy opens in Cairo, Egypt
1981: Egyptian President Anwar Sadat is assassinated - replaced by Hosni Mubarak
1981: Election of the Tenth Knesset
1981: Golan Heights Law passed
1982: Israel invasion of Lebanon
1982: Withdrawal from Sinai completed
1982: Operation Peace for Galilee
1982: President Reagan offers a Middle East Peace Plan
1982: Massacres of Sabra and Shatilla
1983: Ariel Sharon resigns as Defense Minister
1983: Chaim Herzog is elected sixth president
1983: Prime Minister Menachem Begin resigns
1983: Yitzhak Shamir becomes Israel's seventh Prime Minister
1984: Eleventh Knesset elected-National Unity (Likud and Labor) government formed
1984-1985: Operation Moses
1985: Operation Joshua 1985: Free Trade Agreement signed with the United States
1985: Palestinian terrorist hijack the S.S. Achille Lauro killing American Leon Klinhoffer
1985: Israel bombs PLO headquarters in Tunisia
1986: John Demjanjuk is deported from the U.S. to Israel for trial as Ivan the Terrible
1987: Intifada begins
1988: Twelfth Knesset elected-Likud government in power
1989: Israeli Cabinet and Knesset approve free and democratic elections in the West Bank and Gaza
1989: Five-Point Peace Plan proposed by U.S. Secretary of State James Baker
1989: Start of mass immigration of Jews from former Soviet Union

1990-1999 CE
1990: Persian Gulf War begins
1991: Israel attacked by Iraqi scud missiles during Gulf War
1991: Middle East Conference convened in Madrid
1991: United Nations rescinds resolution equating Zionism with racism
1991: Operation Solomon
1992: Thirteenth Knesset elected
1992: Diplomatic relations established with China and India
1992: Attack on Israeli embassy in Buenos Aires
1992: New Supreme Court building is opened
1993: Declaration of Principles signed by Israel and the PLO's Yasser Arafat
1993: Ezer Weizman elected seventh President
1994: Oslo Accords-Implementation of Palestinian self-government in the Gaza Strip and Jericho Area
1994: Israel-Jordan Peace Treaty signed
1995: Oslo-2 - Broadened self-government implemented in West Bank and Gaza Strip; Palestinian Council elected
1995: Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin assassinated
1995: Shimon Peres becomes Israel's eighth Prime Minister
1996: Yasser Arafat wins first election of Palestinian Council
1996: Terror attacks on Israel rise
1996: Operation Grapes of Wrath
1996: Fourteenth Knesset elected
1996: Benjamin Netanyahu becomes Israel's ninth Prime Minister
1996: 3000th-year celebration of Jerusalem being the capital of Israel
1996: Violence erupts with the opening of a tunnel next to the Temple Mount
1997: Agreement between Israel and the Holy See
1997: Hebron Agreement signed
1997: Israel redeploys troops in Hebron
1998: Israel celebrates its 50th anniversary
1999: Fifteenth Knesset elections
1999: Ehud Barak becomes Israel's tenth Prime Minister
1999: Castro secretly allows 400 Jews to leave Cuba for Israel

2000-2009 CE
2000: Unilateral withdrawal of Israeli troops from Lebanon
2000: Birthright Israel is founded
2000: Camp David Summit
2000: Visit of Ariel Sharon to the Temple Mount
2000: Al-Aqsa Intifada begins
2000: Destruction of Joseph's Tomb
2001: Ariel Sharon becomes Israel's eleventh Prime Minister
2001: Mitchell Commission Report issued
2001: Israeli Tourism Minister Rehavam Ze'evi is assassinated
2002: Israel captures Karine-A, a shipload of weapons from Iran heading to the Palestinian Authority
2002: Operation Defensive Shield
2003: Sixteenth Knesset elections
2003: The United States unveils its Roadmap to Peace
2004: Mahmoud Abbas (Abu Mazen) named PA Prime Minister
2004: Yasser Arafat died
2004: Knesset approves Gaza Disengagement Plan
2004: Presbyterian Church begin selective divestiture in companies operating in Israel
2005: Mahmoud Abbas (Abu Mazen) elected PA Chairman
2005: Disengagement carried out
2005: Remains of King David's palace possibly found [article]
2006: Prime Minister Ariel Sharon is hospitalized with a massive stroke
2006: Seventeenth Knesset elections
2006: Israeli Defense Forces invade Jericho prison [article]
2006: Ancient Jewish town from the time of King Solomon has been uncovered beneath the Arab village of Kafr Kana, north of Nazareth, in the Galilee [article]
2006: Hamas-led Palestinian Authority sworn in
2006: Ehud Olmert becomes Israel's twelfth Prime Minister
2006: Hamas attack IDF soldiers, kidnapping one, near Gaza - IDF launched attack
2006: Hizbullah attack IDF soldiers, kidnapping two, near Lebanon border - IDF launched attack
2006: A tenuous cease-fire has been agreed to between Israel and Hizbullah
2006: Ancient Jewish town from the time of King Solomon has been uncovered beneath the Arab village of Kafr  Kana, north of Nazareth, in the Galilee [article]
2006: Excavation of Temple aqueduct and mikveh opposite the Temple Mount [article]
2006: Israeli President Katzav "temporarily" leaves office
2006: Samuel's Tomb and Hebron Jewish cemetary vandalized [article]
2006: Joshua's altar found [article]
2007: Second Temple Jewish town uncovered in Jerusalem [article]
2007: Herod's Grave Uncovered [article]
2007: Shimon Peres becomes President of Israel
2007: Annapolis Conference
2008: Yisrael Beiteinu Party left Israeli government
2008: President George W. Bush visits Israel
2008: Shas Party threatens to leave Israeli government
2008: Winograd Report
2008: Prof. Avraham Trahtman of Bar Ilan University solved famous math problem known as the Road Coloring Conjecture
2008: Massacre at the Merkaz HaRav Yeshiva in Jerusalem [article]
2008: First Temple Building Remains found in Jerusalem [article]
2008: Clay stamps used to seal messages are found in Jerusalem [article]
2008: Second Temple coin found in Jerusalem [article]
2008: First Temple seal found in Jerusalem [article]
2008: First State-Funded Reform Temple [article]
2008: Prime Minister Olmert announced his upcoming resignation [article]
2008: Three 9,000-Year-Old Skulls Found in Galilee [article]
2008: Bnei Menashe Cleared for Arrival in Israel [article]
2008: Jews, Christians at Odds Over Last Supper Site Construction [article]
2008: Supreme Moslem Council: Temple Mount is Jewish [article]
2008: Jewish Khazar Capital found [article]
2008: 2nd Temple-Era Wall Found on Mt. Zion [article]
2008: Efforts to Rebuild Joseph's Tomb [article]
2008: Dead Sea Rabbi Creates 'Masada' Bat Mitzvah Extravaganza [article]
2008: Tenth Century Inscription found in Shephelah [article]
2008: Grave Fragment Found: Son of Second Temple High Priest [article]
2008: King Solomon’s Copper Mines Discovered [article]
2008: Two non-Jews took vows in Jerusalem [article]
2008: Hebrew Seal from the First Temple Period Discovered [article]
2008: First Temple-Era Water Tunnel Revealed in Jerusalem [article]
2008: Oldest Hebrew Text Discovered at King David's Border Fortress [article]
2008: 2,000-yr-old Earring Found in Jerusalem [article]
2008: Byzantine Mosaic Floor Found Underneath the Aksa Mosque [article]
2008: Likud primary elections held
2008: Mofaz concedes to victory by PM Livni to head the Kadima party [article]
2008: King Herod’s VIP Room for Theatergoers Discovered [article]
2008: 1,500 Year Old Bathhouse was Exposed in Zikhron Ya‘aqov [article]
2008: Remains of Second Temple Era Jewish Town Revealed [article]
2008: Rare Coin from Hasmonean Rebellion Found in Temple Mount Rubble [article]
2008: Dream Come True: Buried Treasure Found Outside Temple Mount [article]
2008: Leading Israeli Scientist Declares Pomegranate Inscription Authentic [article]
2008: Jewish Agency Calls for Independent Conversion Authority [article]
2009: Ivory pomegranate found in City of David excavations [article]
2009: Operation Cast Lead
2009: Ancient Marble Figurine of a Roman Boxer Found in City Of David [article]
2009: Remains of Antonia Fortress [article]
2009: Tel Aviv University researcher reconstructs ancient Israelite faces [article]
2009: Benjamin Netanyahu is tasked with forming a unity government [article]
2009: Maccabee-Era Relics Found Near Jerusalem Shed Light On Ancient Jewish Warriors [article]
2009: Heliodoros Stele Discovered [article]
2009: Royal Seal Impressions were Discovered in Excavations of the Israel Antiquities Authority at Umm Tuba [article]
2009: Desert Secret Cracked: Ancient Hunting Techniques Revealed [article]
2009: Byzantine Era Church Discovered Near Bet Shemesh [article]
2009: Jewish Demographics Battle Waged in New Law of Return Committee [article]
2009: Torah 2.0: Old-Line Publisher Brings Biblical Commentary Into Online World [article]
2009: Desert Secret Cracked: Ancient Hunting Techniques Revealed [article]
2009: Muslims Desecrate Holy Books in Maarat Hamachpelah [article]
2009: Byzantine Era Church Discovered Near Bet Shemesh [article]
2009: 4,000-year-old 'Abraham's Gate' Reopened to Public [article]
2009: A Byzantine Bathhouse was Uncovered Close to Kibbutz Gevim [article]
2009: Mosaic Floors Restored and Renovated [article]
2009: Pier from the Hellenistic Period was Discovered in Akko [article]
2009: New Israeli Government begins service with Benjamin Nentanyahu as Prime Minister
2009: Exceptional Archaeological "Foot" Discovery in Jordan Valley [article]
2009: Was a "Mistress of the Lionesses" a King in Ancient Canaan [article]
2009: Fragment of a Hebrew Inscription from the Period of the Kings of Judah was Found [article]
2009: Inauguration of the National Project to Conserve the Stones in the Western Wall and the Establishment of the Israel Antiquities Authority Conservation Department [article]
2009: Compromise Reached on Conversion Reforms [article]
2009: Terrorist Attack in Bat Ayin, Jewish Boy Murdered [article]
2009: Education Ministry: All Pupils Must Visit Jerusalem, Western Wall [article]
2009: Officers Wounded in Kfar Kassem Riot [article]
2009: Worshippers Found Joseph’s Tomb Defaced Again [article]
2009: Jerusalem Wins Tender for New Military School of Medicine [article]
2009: Palestinians Infiltrate Yitzhar [article]
2009: 70 Immigrants from South Africa and Zimbabwe Given Their Israeli ID Cards at a Ceremony at the Western Wall [article]
2009: Committee Approves Anti-Catastrophe Day Bill [article]
2009: Defiant Settlers Build New Outpost Near Migron Containing "Obama Hut" [article]
2009: Peres Challenges Saudi King to Visit Israel [article]
2009: Arabs burn Holy Books [article]
2009: Abbas admits Arabs left Galilee on their own [article]
2009: Righteous Gentile honored [article]
2009: Israel rejects American demads to halt building in Jerusalem [article]
2009: Education Minister removes "Nakba" from curriculum [article]
2009: Temple model inaugurated [article]
2009: Arab squatters evicted in Jerusalem [article]
2009: Yeshiva to honor kidnapped soldiers with Torah [article]
2009: Knesset Member Ibrahim Abdullah Sarsur declared that "Arab Jebusites" founded Jerusalem before Jews ever came to the city [article]
2009: Israel Antiquities Authority to register antiquities collections held by the general public in Israel [article]
2009: Thirteen burial sites, temples and personal items dating to the Canaanite period in Sidon [article]
2009: Remains from period of King Hezekiah discovered [article]
2009: World Archaeological Conference excludes Israel [article]
2009: Second Temple period quarry exposed in Jerusalem [article]
2009: Carved stone plaque bearing archaic Egyptian signs found at Tel Bet Yerah [article]
2009: A Jerusalem walkway from the times of Abraham has been discovered [article]
2009: The largest-ever known number of coins from the time of Bar-Kochba has been discovered [article]
2009: Bible-era mystery vessel found [article]
2009: Second Temple era synagogue discovered a few miles north of Tiberias [article]
2009: Earliest known depiction of a Second Temple lamp uncovered [article]
2009: Street connecting the Temple Mount with the Pool of Siloam discovered [article]
2009: 2000-year-old Roman amphitheatre discovered near Tiberias [article]
2009: Building at Khirbet Omrit is being excavated in a belief that it may be Herod's temple built for Emperor Augustus [article]
2009: 2,000-year-old mikveh discovered near the Western Wall [article]
2009: "Hall of Ages" uncovered in Western Wall tunnel [article]
2009: Israel is planning a major archaeological dig under the Western Wall plaza [article]
2009: Beit Shearim menorah caves restored [article]
2009: 350 rare pieces of marble uncovered near Akko [article]
2009: Hundreds of tons of weaponry seized by the Israeli navy [article]
2009: Remains of Minoan-style painting discovered [article]
2009: IDF Officers School 'Bahad 1' has a new synagogue [article]
2009: 9/11 Memorial Dedicated in Israel [article]
2009: Attempted terror attack Mughrabi Gate in the Old City of Jerusalem [article]
2009: Vandalism at the tomb of Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel [article]
2009: Dissolvable wound dressing developed at Tel Aviv University [article]
2009: Digital map reveals Israeli archaeology [article]
2009: Swastikas spray-painted at Gush Katif evictee site at Nitzan [article]
2009: First map of contested sites in the Middle East published [article]
2009: Cave of Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai vandalized [article]
2009: PM Benjamin Netanyahu declared 10-month settlement freeze in Judea and Samaria [article]
2009: Physical proof that the Hasmoneans' rule extended deep into the Negev discovered [article]
2009: Reconstituted stele yielded a text from the king dated 178 BCE - 11 years before the Maccabean Revolt [article]
2009: Second Temple building exposed in Nazareth [article]
2009: Terror attack in Samaria leaves father of seven dead [article]

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United Nations and Israel
*You will need the free to use these links*

95 U. N. Resolutions against Israel
1 U. N. Resolution against Lebanese Terrorists
(Security Council Resolution 1655 (2006))
0 U. N. Resolutions against Egyptian Terrorists
0 U. N. Resolutions against Syrian Terrorists
0 U. N. Resolutions against Jordanian Terrorists
0 U. N. Resolutions against "Palestinian" Terrorists

The exclusion of Israel from full UN participation

United Nations Security Council
1950-1959
Resolution 101 (1953): The Palestine Question
Resolution 106 (1955): The Palestine Question
Resolution 111 (1956): The Palestine Question

1960-1969
Resolution 171 (1962): The Palestine Question
Resolution 228 (1966): The Palestine Question
Resolution 234 (1967): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 240 (1967): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 242 (1967): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 248 (1968): The Situation in the Middle East
Resolution 250 (1968): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 251 (1968): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 252 (1968): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 256 (1968): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 258 (1968): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 259 (1968): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 262 (1968): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 265 (1969): The Situation in the Middle East
Resolution 267 (1969): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 270 (1969): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 271 (1969): The situation in the Middle East

1970-1979
Resolution 279 (1970): The Situation in the Middle East
Resolution 280 (1970): The Situation in the Middle East
Resolution 285 (1970): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 298 (1971): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 313 (1972): The Situation in the Middle East
Resolution 316 (1972): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 317 (1972): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 332 (1973): The Situation in the Middle East
Resolution 425 (1978): Israel-Lebanon
Resolution 444 (1979): Israel-Lebanon
Resolution 450 (1979): Israel-Lebanon
Resolution 452 (1979): Territories occupied by Israel

1980-1989
Resolution 465 (1980): Territories occupied by Israel
Resolution 467 (1980): Israel-Lebanon
Resolution 468 (1980): Territories occupied by Israel
Resolution 469 (1980): Territories occupied by Israel
Resolution 471 (1980): Territories occupied by Israel
Resolution 476 (1980): Territories occupied by Israel
Resolution 478 (1980): Territories occupied by Israel
Resolution 484 (1980): Territories occupied by Israel
Resolution 487 (1981): Iraq-Israel
Resolution 497 (1981): Israel-Syrian Arab Republic
Resolution 498 (1981): Israel-Lebanon
Resolution 501 (1982): Israel-Lebanon
Resolution 509 (1982): Israel-Lebanon
Resolution 515 (1982): Israel-Lebanon
Resolution 516 (1982): Israel-Lebanon
Resolution 517 (1982): Israel-Lebanon
Resolution 518 (1982): Israel-Lebanon
Resolution 520 (1982): Israel-Lebanon
Resolution 573 (1985): Israel-Tunisia
Resolution 592 (1986): Territories occupied by Israel
Resolution 607 (1988): Territories occupied by Israel
Resolution 608 (1988): Territories occupied by Israel
Resolution 611 (1988): Israel-Tunisia
Resolution 636 (1989): Territories occupied by Israel
Resolution 641 (1989): Territories occupied by Israel

1990-1999
Resolution 681 (1990): Territories occupied by Israel
Resolution 694 (1991): Territories occupied by Israel
Resolution 726 (1992): Territories occupied by Israel
Resolution 799 (1992): Territories occupied by Israel
Resolution 904 (1994): On measures to guarantee the safety and protection of the Palestinian civilians in territories occupied by Israel
Resolution 1073 (1996): The situation in the occupied Arab territories

2000-2009
Resolution 1322 (2000): on the situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question
Resolution 1397 (2002): The situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question
Resolution 1402 (2002): The situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question
Resolution 1403 (2002): The situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question
Resolution 1405 (2002): The situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question
Resolution 1435 (2002): The situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question
Resolution 1515 (2003): The situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question
Resolution 1544 (2004): The situation in the Middle East, incuding the Palestinian question
Resolution 1583 (2005): The situation in the Middle East
Resoultion 1595 (2005): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 1655 (2006): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 1697 (2006): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 1701 (2006): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 1729 (2006): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 1748 (2007): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 1757 (2007): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 1759 (2007): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 1773 (2007): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 1788 (2007): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 1832 (2008): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 1848 (2008): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 1850 (2008): The situation in the Middle East, Including the Palestinian Question
Resolution 1852 (2008): The situation in the Middle East
Resolution 1860 (2009): The situation in the Middle East, Including the Palestinian Question
Resolution 1884 (2009): The situation in the Middle East

United Nations Economic and Social Council
1992-1999
Resolution 16 (1992): Situation of an assistance to Palestinian women
Resolution 57 (1992): Economic and social repercussions of the Israel settlements on the Palestinian people in the Palestinian territory, including Jerusalem, occupied since 1967, and on the Arab population of the Syrian Golan
Resolution 58 (1992): Assistance to the Palestinian people
Resolution 45 (1994): Economic and social repercussions of the Israel settlements on the Palestinian people in the Palestinian territory, including Jerusalem, occupied since 1967, and on the Arab population of the Syrian Golan
Resolution 30 (1995): Palestinian women
Resolution 49 (1995): Economic and social repercussions of the Israel settlements on the Palestinian people in the Palestinian territory, including Jerusalem, occupied since 1967, and on the Arab population of the Syrian Golan
Resolution 5 (1996): Palestinian women
Resolution 40 (1996): Economic and social repercussions of the Israel settlements on the Palestinian people in the Palestinian territory, including Jerusalem, occupied since 1967, and on the Arab population of the Syrian Golan
Resolution 16 (1997): Palestinian women
Resolution 67 (1997): Economic and social repercussions of the Israel occupation on the living conditions of the Palestinian people in the occupied Palestinian territory, including Jerusalem, and of the Arab population in the occupied Syrian Golan
Resolution 10 (1998): Palestinian women
Resolution 32 (1998): Economic and social repercussions of the Israel occupation on the living conditions of the Palestinian people in the occupied Palestinian territory, including Jerusalem, and of the Arab population in the occupied Syrian Golan
Resolution 15 (1999): Palestinian women
Resolution 53 (1999): Economic and social repercussions of the Israel occupation on the living conditions of the Palestinian people in the occupied Palestinian territory, including Jerusalem, and of the Arab population in the occupied Syrian Golan

2000-2009
Resolution 31 (2000): Economic and social repercussions of the Israel occupation on the living conditions of the Palestinian people in the occupied Palestinian territory, including Jerusalem, and of the Arab population in the occupied Syrian Golan
Resolution 311 (2000): Grave and massive violations of the human rights of the Palestinian people by Israel
Resolution 2 (2001): Situation of and assistance to Palestinian women
Resolution 19 (2001): Economic and social repercussions of the Israeli occupation on the living conditions of the Palestinian people in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including Jerusalem, and the Arab population in the occupied Syrian Golan
Resolution 25 (2002): Situation of and assistance to Palestinian women
Resolution 31 (2002): Economic and social repercussions of the Israeli occupation on the living conditions of the Palestinian people in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including Jerusalem, and the Arab population in the occupied Syrian Golan
Resolution 42 (2003): Situation of and assistance to Palestinian women
Resolution 59 (2003): Economic and social repercussions of the Israeli occupation on the living conditions of the Palestinian people in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including Jerusalem, and the Arab population in the occupied Syrian Golan
Resolution 54 (2004): Economic and social repercussions of the Israeli occupation on the living conditions of the Palestinian people in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including Jerusalem, and the Arab population in the occupied Syrian Golan
Resolution 56 (2004): Situation of and assistance to Palestinian women
Resolution 43 (2005): Situation of and assistance to Palestinian women
Resolution 51 (2005): Economic and social repercussions of the Israeli occupation on the living conditions of the Palestinian people in the Occupied Palestinian territory, including Jerusalem, and the Arab population in the occupied Syrian Golan
Resolution 304 (2005): Document considered by the Economic and Social Council in connection with the economic and social repercussions of the Israeli occupation on the living conditions of the Palestinian people in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including Jerusalem, and the Arab population in the occupied Syrian Golan
Resolution 8 (2006): Situation of and assistance to Palestinian women
Resolution 43 (2006): Economic and Social Repercussions of the Israeli occupation on the living conditions of the Palestinian people in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including Jerusalem, and the Arab population in the occupied Syrian Golan
Resolution 249 (2006): Document considered by the Economic and Social Council in connection with the economic and social repercussions of the Israeli occupation on the living conditions of the Palestinian people in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including Jerusalem, and the Arab population in the occupied Syrian Golan
Resolution 7 (2007): Situation of and assistance to Palestinian women
Resolution 26 (2007): Economic and social repercussions of the Israeli occupation on the living conditions of the Palestinian people in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and the Arab population in the occupied Syrian Golan
Resolution 11 (2008): Situation of and assistance to Palestinian women
Resolution 31 (2008): Economic and social repercussions of the Israeli occupation on the living conditions of the Palestinian people in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and the Arab population in the occupied Syrian Golan